It sounds like you need to create a custom report to feed in list of materials for which you want to find out if those are unique to any BOM in system. Please check below it may help you.
Have you tried where used list for a part number, you can feed in an material and run this report to see in how many BOM's its being used as component.
CS15 - Single-Level where-used List
Production ®Master data ®Bills of material ®Reporting ®Usage ®Material.
Another report is available in standard SAP to do BOM comparison to find differences in BOM.
Executing a BOM Comparison - BOMs (PP-BD-BOM) - SAP Library
Check this two transactions and it will give you idea on how to proceed on your custom report.
Thanks
Ritesh